Ensure the surface has thoroughly dried prior to application. This product is ideal for domestic applications. For highly corrosive environments and for commercial applications, refer to duspec.com.au or duspec.co.nz for appropriate specifications. Pre-painted metal surfaces: Scrape off all loose and flaking paint. Sand all surfaces to a flat finish. Dust off. If previously painted surface is in good condition then no primer is required. Aged/lightly rusted surfaces: Remove any rust by scraping, sanding or wire brushing. Wipe surface with Dulux Metalshield® Brush Thinner to remove any residual grease, oils and dirt. Once dry, apply one coat of Dulux Metalshield® All Surface Primer. New bare steel, wrought iron: Wipe surface with Dulux Metalshield® Brush Thinner to remove any residual grease, oils and dirt. Then abrade with Scotch-Brite® Pad. Wipe clean. Galvanised iron, ZINCALUME®: Clean surface with Selleys® Sugar Soap and a Scotch-Brite® Pad to remove any grease, oils and dirt. Rinse with clean water. Once dry, apply one coat of Dulux Metalshield® RFU Etch Primer. Aluminium, copper, brass, stainless steel: Clean surface with Selleys® Sugar Soap and a Scotch-Brite® Pad to remove any grease, oils and dirt. Rinse with clean water. Once dry, apply one coat of Dulux Metalshield® All Surface Primer.